Historical roots of the project methodology and the formation of the concept «Method of projects» in pedagogy

Abstract

The article is devoted to history of appearance and development of the project technologies which are widely used and in literary criticism. The necessity of application of the method of projects is grounded as innova­tive methodology at modern school and institutions of higher learning. The author paid attention to the philosophy of project technologies. In this regard are mentioned the founders of the project method U. Kilpatrik, D. Dewey, their followers in the USSR of the 1920-1930s. There is made an attempt of the analysis of some general moments and distinctions in the use of traditional methods of teaching and the method of projects, and a proof of the methodical novelty of this method is provided. The author of article considers that the principal advantage of this method is that it pro­vides the opportunity to acquire knowledge independently in the course of the solution of practical tasks to each pupil and student. Therefore, the method of projects allows the pupil to join effectively the educational and research process, to realize, where and how he can apply this knowledge and justify his decision.