Category of causality of functional grammar

Abstract

  The article describes the categories of functional grammar, which is considered one of the new trends in linguistics. Functional grammar has its own characteristic categories and concepts. The category of causality is a universal concept with a very extensive semantics, the meaning of which in the functional semantic field is revealed through various linguistic units. And the study of the concept of causality of functional grammar in general linguistics and Kazakh linguistics is based on the theory of speech activity and is the subject of special study in the languages of the world. For the first time, the introduction of this term into scientific circulation as a theory was considered from the structural grammar point of view. Currently, theories and empirical methods about the main functions of functional grammar have been presented.

In modern functional grammar, in revealing the concept causality nature special importance is attached to integration consideration as a complex integrity, interconnected with elements of other language levels. Such studies open the way to a more complete and deeper understanding of the linguistic phenomenon semantic aspects nature. Therefore, considering the activity of causal concepts from the functional-semantic field theory point of view, one can fully reveal the nature of this category, indicating the paradigm and syntagmic correlation of all linguistic means and revealing their semantic structure.

At the same time, the language levels belonging to the causal category should be considered not only from a grammatical position, but also in relation to other categories that can be expressed through other levels of the language. Consequently, the concepts of causation are recognized as a semantic category and the paradigms of linguistic units that form its type are clearly systematized.

Analysis of the causal category semantics in the functional-semantic field is the main goal of the study. Lexical, grammatical, grammatical-syntactic linguistic features related to their central and secondary or micro-branches were combined into one system and conditionally grouped. The causal basic category in the functional-semantic speech activity field  and language technique semantics is very extensive and in the Kazakh language it is created by various language techniques. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the concept of causality has a variety of semantic content and is associated with a categorical situation.