The constituents of communicative strategies and communicative tactics.

Abstract

The article deals with communicative strategies and communicative tactics in speech. The author makes the analyses of communicative strategies to solve strategic and tactical problems. Motives, requirements and maxims of communicants form the basis of communicative strategies. The communicative strategy is a total combination of communicative acts which were planned by the speaker beforehand and are aimed at achieving the communicative goal. The communicative technique is a total combination of practical acts in the real process of speech interaction. The communicative technique correlates with a set of communicative intentions. Thus the goal is defined by the speech strategy and the intention – by the speech technique. The speech strategies are realized within the framework of complicated situations and social contexts. The dependence level of different speech techniques is defined by the knowledge of the communicative situation. The parameters which define the choice of the speech technique and communicative acts at the planning stage are formed. The classification of communicative strategies is given. The factors which are necessary to describe the speech techniques are defined.