Continuity of the tradition of Maxim Gorky by Dostoevsky.

Abstract

This article is dedicated to the current problems of classical Russian literature – the problem of continuity of the tradition of the great writer of nineteenth-century – Fyodor Dostoyevsky by the founder of socialist realism of the twentieth century – Maxim Gorky. The article stresses the idea that in the history of Russian literature of the twentieth century the problem of tradition for historical reasons is not only theoretical, but also endowed with a deep ideological character. The creativity of Gorky, in a particular period of his work, is closely connected with the creativity of Dostoevsky, and it is conditioned by the fact that the novel «Crime and Punishment» contains a set of ideas that gave a powerful impetus to the development of the motive of crime and punishment not only to personally Gorky, but to the Russian prose of the twentieth century. The article pays much attention to the problem on how Gorky argued with the philosophical, religious and moral views of Dostoevsky. The dispute between Gorky and Dostoevsky belongs to outstanding events in the history of not only Russian, but also the world public opinion at the time when the issue of the decisive turning point in the destiny of mankind passed to real achievements. The dispute between Gorky and Dostoevsky, to express it in just a few words, is about a dispute about Man, about the revolution and the man. The author of the article identifies three ways to study creative relationships of Gorky and Dostoevsky: unconditioned opposition of writers, comparison of their works with the method of «abstract analogy», a clear identification of writers in the field of ideology and study similarities of poetics.