Аrchetype and symbol in kazakh literature: problems of psychoanalytical analysis (based on the example of folk stories)

Abstract

The article analyzes the study of the concepts of «Archetype» and «Symbol» based on research in the direction of literary psychoanalysis. Kazakh folk stories were taken as the main object/material of study. The purpose of the study is to analyze Kazakh folk stories using the method of psychoanalysis. In the course of the study, the theoretical aspects of psychoanalysis were guided by The opinions of Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung, Eric Fromm, and the methodology of psychoanalysis was supported by The opinions of Joseph Campbell, Bill Moyers, Tursyn Zhurtbai. The article provides an archetypal analysis of a number of religious, Heroic, Love, and Dastan  stories included in volumes 11, 23, 30, 31 of the hundred volumes of the “Babalar Sozi”.  The main three stages of the development of psychoanalysis were systematized, information about research schools and their representatives was given. At the same time, the opinions and Article/monographs of Russian researchers were guided. In writing the methodological base of the article, the results of modern studies of psychoanalysis in the literature in Turkey were used. In addition, the works of E. Fromm, a number of works of K. G. Jung and M. Ekichi, published in Turkish, were translated into Kazakh. The archetypes of Anima, animus, mother, father, shadow were analyzed and examples with the continuity of the plot in folk stories were given. In the article, folk stories from the hundredth volume “Babalar Sozi” were shown using the ordinal number of verses.

Key words: story, archetype, Freud, Jung, literature.